🧵A brief history of education reform in the 21st century US:
◾ GW Bush dismantles the Office of Educational Research and Improvement, creating the Institute of Educational Sciences with the call to create a "science of education," with the "Gold Standard" of RCTs
We had a special issue with historical perspectives on NCLB in HEQ a few years ago. Most (but not all) of the relevant articles in it are open access.
Disclosure: I committed history in that issue. Or co-committed it with Christian Ydesen.
◾ GW Bush introduces most far-reaching federal education legislation in US history, No Child Left Behind, based on the so-called "Texas Miracle" where test-based accountability "improved outcomes" in student learning [1]
◾Test-based accountability now required for schools that want federal funds